Leakage through a hole in a geomembrane beneath a fine-grained tailings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leakage through a 10 mm diameter circular hole in a geomembrane beneath fine-grained tailings is examined for a range of pore pressures and effective stresses. Leakage was measured in an experiment with coupled physical and hydraulic conditions to simulate the effective stresses and flow conditions near the hole. The leakage rate was as little as 0.16 L/day with 200 kPa pore pressure (10–30 kPa effective stresses) and increased only to 0.46 L/day with 800 kPa pore pressure (200 kPa effective stress). Seepage analysis of the experiment and local measurements of permeability from small samples extracted after the experiment indicate that the tailings hydraulic conductivity controlling flow was 3–6 × 10 −9 m/s. Only a subtle decrease in hydraulic conductivity (less than 2 times) near the hole was found. No evidence of seepage-induced migration of fines within the tailings was found. Calculations with the parameters deduced from the experiment show that leakage from a tailings storage facilities containing fine-grained tailings can be limited to 1–2 L/ha/day with a geomembrane liner, even when containing up to five 10 mm diameter holes per hectare, as opposed to an unlined facility with 3 to 4 orders of magnitude more leakage.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".