Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in Hemodynamically Unstable Patients With Pelvic Ring Injuries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with pelvic ring injuries managed with resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Academic, Level 1 trauma center in North America. PATIENTS: Twenty-five patients with disruption of the pelvic ring and hemodynamic instability. INTERVENTION: Placement of a REBOA device as an adjuvant treatment to trauma resuscitation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Death and ischemic-related complications. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 43 years (range: 17-85). Patients presented with a median lactate of 6.3 mmol/L, systolic blood pressure of 116 mm Hg, heart rate of 121 beats/minute, and injury severity score of 34. The median unit of packed red blood cells received through transfusion in the first 24 hours of hospital admission was 13 (interquartile range: 8-28). Young-Burgess injury patterns included fractures of the following types: 5 lateral compression (LC)-1, 1 LC-2, 8 LC-3, 4 anteroposterior compression-2, and 7 anteroposterior compression-3. Angiography and embolization were performed in 24 (96%) patients. Selective embolization occurred in 18 (72%) patients, with nonselective angiography of the iliac system occurring in 7 (24%) patients. There were 12 (48%) deaths, 7 (28%) patients requiring lower extremity fasciotomy, and 5 (20%) patients requiring lower extremity amputations, and there was 1 (4%) patient requiring thrombectomy. CONCLUSIONS: REBOA use in pelvic ring injuries is rare and most frequently used in critically ill patients with polytrauma. Successful pelvic embolization can occur in concert with REBOA use; however, the severity of injury is associated with a high complication profile. In this series of 25 patients, in-hospital mortality was 48%. For those patients who survived, 54% experienced a major complication (fasciotomy, amputation, and deep infection). Further investigation is required to evaluate the role REBOA may play in managing these patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".