Novel folliculin gene mutation and an elevated serum vascular endothelial growth factor-D level in the context of cystic lung disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by the development of benign cutaneous neoplasms, renal tumors, and pulmonary cysts. Caused by mutations in the folliculin (FLCN) gene on chromosome 17, the pulmonary manifestations observed in BHD include multiple subpleural cysts that are frequently associated with pneumothorax. Diffuse cystic lung disease is also commonly encountered in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), either in isolation or in the context of tuberous sclerosis complex (TS). The diagnosis of BHD is confirmed by identifying pathogenic FLCN germline mutations. Modern evidence, however, supports using serum vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) levels in differentiating LAM from other cystic lung diseases, including BHD, with high specificity. This case report describes the unique finding of an elevated VEGF-D serum level (1290 pg/ml) in a patient with cystic lung disease, bilateral pneumothorax and a novel disease-causing mutation (E280X) in the FLCN gene.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".