T1ρ and T2 MRI show hip cartilage damage in adolescents with healed Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a juvenile hip disorder associated with residual femoral head deformity, cartilage degeneration and a high risk of early onset hip osteoarthritis. Assessing management of LCPD in the healed phase requires an understanding of when and where hip cartilage damage happens. While it has been shown that cartilage is degenerated in healed LCPD hips in adults, it is not clear when this degeneration begins. Our research question was: Are the MR markers of cartilage degeneration T1ρ and T2 increased in healed LCPD hips in adolescents? Twelve adolescents [10-17 years old (mean 14); 3 female 9 male] with healed LCPD (Stulberg 2-5; 8 unilateral and 4 bilateral) and 15 age- and sex-matched controls were imaged in a 3T MRI using a T1ρ and a T2 sequence. We applied a mixed-effects model adjusted for age and nested by subject to determine the effect of Stulberg grade on overall and regional mean T1ρ and T2 values. T1ρ was significantly higher overall and in the medial region of Stulberg ≥3 hips, and in the medial region of Stulberg 2 hips than in the control group. T2 was significantly higher in the medial region of Stulberg ≥3 hips than in the control group. Our results suggest that cartilage damage in LCPD has begun by adolescence and that T1ρ can detect early changes in cartilage associated with LCPD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".