Digit and Ungual Morphology Suggest Adaptations for Scansoriality in the Late Carboniferous Eureptile Anthracodromeus longipes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new skeleton of the exceedingly rare, late Carboniferous eureptileAnthracodromeus longipes( Carroll and Baird, 1972 ), reveals the presence of a reduced phalangeal count in the manus and pedes and uniquely recurved unguals. With these data, we quantitatively evaluate the locomotor ecology ofAnthracodromeususing morphometric analyses of the phalangeal proportions, ungual curvature, and ungual shape. Our findings indicate that the anatomy ofAnthracodromeuslikely facilitated scansorial clinging to some degreeviadistally recurved unguals and increased surface area of the large manus and pes. This suggests thatAnthracodromeuswas among the earliest amniotes to show climbing abilities, pushing back the origins of scansoriality by at least 17 million years. It further suggests that scansoriality arose soon after the origin of amniotes, allowing them to exploit a wide range of novel terrestrial niches.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".