Neonatal stress disrupts laryngeal chemoreflex function in anesthetized rat pups
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In preterm infants, the presence of liquids or solids in the airways stimulates the laryngeal chemoreflex (LCR) that results in apneas with potentially life threatening consequences. Because neonatal stress interferes with respiratory control development, we tested the hypothesis that neonatal maternal separation (NMS) compromises LCR function in rat pups. Experiments were performed on 10 to 15 days old male pups that were undisturbed (controls) or subjected to NMS (3h/day each day beginning at P3 to P13). Pups were anesthetized (chloralose, 20 mg/kg + urethane, 1 mg/kg) and maintained at 35°C. Following tracheotomy, a water filled catheter was placed near the larynx. Breathing was monitored with intercostal EMG electrode. O2 saturation and heart rate were monitored with pulse oxymetry. Following baseline measurements, each pup received 10 μL injection of water near the larynx. This procedure was repeated 3 times with a 5 min recovery period between injections. In NMS rats, apnea duration tended to increase following each stimulation; this was not observed in controls. LCR‐related O2 desaturations and bradycardias were more important in NMS pups than controls. The mortality rate observed in NMS pups (83%) was greater than controls (33%). We conclude that neonatal stress compromises LCR function in young rats and could contribute to respiratory disorders in infants. This research was supported by CIHR.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".