Reevaluation of the holotypes of<i>Koskinonodon princeps</i>Branson and Mehl, 1929, and<i>Borborophagus wyomingensis</i>Branson and Mehl, 1929 (Temnospondyli, Metoposauridae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Metoposaurids are some of the most commonly occurring tetrapods in non-marine Upper Triassic sediments in the northern hemisphere of Pangea. Since the first description of a metoposaurid in 1842, nearly two dozen species have been named, but many of these have been regarded with increasing skepticism by modern workers because of minor differences used to validate novel species and sometimes novel genera. More recent comprehensive descriptions and evaluations of intraspecific variation from several presumed monospecific bonebeds of metoposaurids have prompted reevaluation of holotypes due to variation in proposed apomorphies. Four metoposaurid species were named from the Popo Agie Formation exposures of Wyoming, U.S.A., but at present, only a single species, Anaschisma browni, is considered valid following a recent redescription of two of these taxa (An. browni and An. brachygnatha). The other two taxa, Borborophagus wyomingensis and Koskinonodon princeps, have not been redescribed since their original description in 1929. A redescription of the holotypes of these two taxa is presented here to assess their historic synonymy with An. browni and to provide a detailed, updated record of the Popo Agie Formation metoposaurids in light of a historic relative lack of attention compared with other North American deposits. Our confirmation of the conspecificity of all four Popo Agie Formation metoposaurids permits a detailed discussion of potential ontogenetic variation in the Popo Agie Formation metoposaurids and latitudinal variability in An. browni.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".