Intramuscular and interstitial nitric oxide concentrations following doxorubicin administration in nude mice.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine intramuscular (IM) nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in the gastrocnemius (G) and quadriceps (Q) muscles as well as interstitial NO levels in the G of immunodeficient nude mice (n=6) following the administration of doxorubicin (10mg/kg). Muscles were collected at day 3 and 7 post injection and interstitial concentrations were determined using the microdialysis technique. Gastrocnemius IM concentrations of NO were increased (P<0.05) from control (626±18 μmol/kg dw) to 823 ±48 and 831±22 μmol/kg dw at day 3 and 7, respectively. Similarly, IM quadriceps concentrations of NO increased (P<0.05) from control (599±13 μmol/kg dw) to 738 ±18 and 756±46 μmol/kg dw at day 3 and 7, respectively. In contrast, G interstitial NO concentrations did not change (P>;0.05) from control values (14.0±2.5 μmol/l) for either collection period (day 3 = 16.4±1.7. day 7 = 15.7 ±1.6 μmol/l). These data clearly demonstrate that intramuscular NO concentrations are increased as a result of doxorubicin administration, and remain elevated for up to 7 days following initial dosing. Interestingly, doxorubicin administration did not alter interstitial NO concentrations suggesting that the effects of anthracyclines on stimulating NO production was isolated to intramuscular mechanisms. Overall, this study suggests that doxorubicin administration stimulates intramuscular NO production and may be a result of increased oxidative stress. Supported by NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".