723-P: A Single Session of Exercise Increases Resident Macrophages in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Healthy Human Subjects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infiltration of pro-inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) is implicated in systemic low-grade inflammation that underlies metabolic health complications in obesity. Exercise training has been linked to reduced adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, but these observations are often confounded by concomitant weight loss. Many metabolic benefits of exercise are a cumulative effect of each bout of exercise, thus the aim of this study was to determine changes in ATMs (using flow cytometry) in response to a single exercise session. We collected subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue samples from 10 obese (BMI: 33±3kg/m2; fat mass: 41±20kg) and 14 lean (BMI: 23±13kg/m2; fat mass: 16±5kg) adults, 12 hours after exercising for 60 minutes at 70% VO2max (EX); and again 3 days after their most recent exercise session (No-EX). To characterize the cellular response to exercise without the confounding influence of exercise novelty, all subjects were habitual exercisers. The exercise session did not alter total immune cell number (OBESE: 30±7 vs. 31±7; LEAN: 27±9 vs. 28±8% live cells) or total ATM number (OBESE: 3.9±1.7 vs. 4.0±1.6; LEAN: 3.5±1.5 vs. 4.3±1.9% live cells; for No-EX and EX, respectively). However, there was a main effect for exercise to increase the number of CD11c- ATMs (OBESE: 1.3±1.4 vs. 1.5±1.5; LEAN: 1.0±0.6 vs. 2.0±1.6% live cells; P=0.03), indicating the abundance of resident ATMs increased after exercise. Surprisingly, the response to exercise was not different in lean vs. obese subjects. Although the change in resident ATM content after exercise was rather subtle in this cohort of healthy regular exercisers, these are the first single cell data to suggest each session of exercise may induce a phenotypic shift in subcutaneous ATMs. This could be a mechanism contributing to the anti-inflammatory health benefits of exercise. Disclosure A. Ludzki: None. E.M. Krueger: None. T.C. Baldwin: None. N.M. Taylor: None. L.A. Muir: None. C. Lumeng: None. J.F. Horowitz: Research Support; Self; American Diabetes Association. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01DK077966) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (DFS146190)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".