Effect of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on the physical, structural and NIR emission properties of BGG glasses prepared using different melting atmospheres
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BGG -Bi2O3 glasses with composition 40GeO2–20Ga2O3–40BaO: x Bi2O3 (x = 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 - 1.0 mol %) were analyzed in terms of optical, thermal properties and structure. The dependence of Bi2O3 content on thermal, structural, and optical properties was investigated by thermal analysis (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible and near-infrared absorption, and the M-Line technique to access refractive index values. The results show that with the increase of Bi2O3, the density, the glass transition temperature (Tg), the refractive index, and the optical band gap energy decrease. Different melting atmospheres were added during the syntheses to measure their impact on the photoluminescence of bismuth around 1300 nm. From XPS analysis, photoluminescence measurements indicate that the Bi3+ oxidation state is the main one responsible for the broad near-infrared band from 1000 nm to 1600 nm in these glasses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".