Building Energy Management With Reinforcement Learning and Model Predictive Control: A Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Building energy management has been recognized as of significant importance on improving the overall system efficiency and reducing the greenhouse gas emission. However, the building energy management system is now facing more challenges and uncertainties with the increasing penetration of renewable energy and increasing adoption of different types of electrical appliances and equipment. Classical model predictive control (MPC) has shown effective in building energy management, although it suffers from labour-intensive modelling and complex online control optimization. Recently, with the growing accessibility to building control and automation data, data-driven solutions such as data-driven MPC and reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods have attracted more research interest. However, the potential of integrating these two types of methods and how to choose suitable control algorithms have not been well discussed. In this work, we first present a compact review of the recent advances in data-driven MPC and RL-based control methods for building energy management. Furthermore, the main challenges in these approaches and general discussions on the selection of control methods are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".