Podosome‐like tubulobulbar complexes internalize intact junctions in the seminiferous epithelium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tubulobulbar complexes are actin‐rich double‐plasma membrane protrusions with associated vesicles that form at intercellular junctions in the seminiferous epithelium of the mammalian testis. One role that has been proposed for these 'podosome‐like' structures is that they internalize 'intact' intercellular junctions during the translocation of spermatocytes through basal junction complexes between Sertoli cells, and during sperm release from Sertoli cells at the apex of the epithelium. If tubulobulbar complexes internalize junctions, then components of tubulobulbar complexes that contain junction proteins also should be associated with endosomal markers. In this study, we probed apical tubulobular complexes in fixed epithelial fragments of rat and mouse testes for adhesion molecules (alpha‐6 integrin in rat, and nectin 2&3 in mouse) and early endosomal markers (Rab 5 in rat and EEA1 in mouse). The antibody to Rab 5 labeled the distal ends of tubulobulbar complexes that also labeled strongly with the antibody to alpha‐6 integrin. EEA1 surrounded vesicles at the ends of tubulobulbar complexes that also were positive for nectin 2 and nectin 3. These results are consistent with the proposal that tubulobulbar complexes are subcellular machines that internalize intact intercellular junctions in the testes. Grant Funding Source NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".