Prohibitin Plays an Important Role in Adipocyte Differentiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Insulin is a potent hormone that induces differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes (adipogenesis). However, various target genes required for the differentiation and in the maintenance of adipocytes are remaining to be identified. Herein we demonstrate that a nuclear coded mitochondrial protein prohibitin (PHB) is a target gene for insulin and play a modulatory role in adipogenesis. Treatment of 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts with insulin or peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma agonist resulted in an upregulation of PHB in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. An analysis of PHB promoter sequence revealed the presence of putative insulin‐response elements and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding proteins transcription elements within ~1 kb upstream of translation initiation site. Functional relevance of these sites was determined using reporter gene assay. Surprisingly, PHB was also found to be regulated by leptin. Furthermore, overexpression of PHB in 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts was sufficient to induce adipogenesis. In summary, we have identified PHB as an important protein in adipogenesis. This work was supported by funds from NSERC and MHRC. SM is a recipient of MMSF Career Development Award and SRA is supported by MHRC postdoctoral fellowship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".