Citrobacter rodentium increases intestinal permeability and disrupts epithelial tight junctions in vivo and in vitro: the role of Rho kinase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify mechanisms of Citrobacter rodentium ‐induced epithelial permeability defects. RESULTS C. rodentium increased intestinal permeability to 51 Cr‐labeled EDTA and disrupted tight junctional ZO‐1, claudin‐4, and claudin‐5 in vivo. C. rodentium induced apoptotic nucleosome formation and PARP cleavage in CMT‐93 colorectal epithelial cells. Infected monolayers also displayed increased paracellular permeability to a FITC‐dextran probe. This effect was dependent on Rho kinase, but did not require caspase‐3 activity. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting confirmed the caspase‐3‐independent disruption of ZO‐1, claudin‐4, and claudin‐5 by C. rodentium in vitro . CONCLUSIONS C. rodentium increases intestinal epithelial permeability in vivo and in vitro . This effect is associated with disruptions of ZO‐1, claudin‐4, and claudin‐5. Rho kinase plays a role in C. rodentium ‐induced increases in epithelial permeability. Although C. rodentium induces intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, its effects on permeability are not dependent on caspase‐3. We postulate that loss of epithelial barrier function is implicated in the pathogenesis of EPEC‐induced intestinal disease.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".