High glucose augmented Gaq‐mediated cell signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC): role of oxidative stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have previously shown that Gai protein expression and associated adenylyl cyclase signaling was decreased in VSMC in hyperglycaemia and diabetes. In the present studies we have examined the effect of hyperglycaemia on the expression of Gaq and phospholipase C b‐1 (PLCb‐1) proteins and associated inositol‐triphosphate (IP3) turnover signaling in A10 VSMC. A10 cells were incubated with 5.5 mM (control) and 26 mM (Hyperglycaemia) glucose for different time periods (1 to 5 days) at 37 0C. The levels of Gaq and PLCb‐1 proteins as determined by immunoblotting were significantly augmented in hyperglycaemic (HG) cells as compared to control cells after 3 days of treatment. Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) augmented the IP3 formation in both control and HG cells, however, the increase was significantly higher in HG cells as compared to control cells. On the other hand, the basal levels of IP3 were not significantly different between the two groups. The superoxide anion (O2‐) formation measured by the lucigenin‐enhanced chemiluminescence method and the levels of NADPH oxidase sununits p47 and p22 were significantly enhanced in HG cells. Futhermore, the antioxidant diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) attenuated the ET‐1‐ induced increased formation of IP3 and enhanced expression of PLCb‐1 towards control levels. These results suggest that enhanced oxidative stress induced by hyperglycaemia may be responsible for the augmented expression of Gaq and PLCb‐1 proteins and thereby enhanced ET‐1‐induced IP3 turnover in VSMC. (Supported by a grant from the QHF).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".