Control of the steelhead trout ( <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> ) coronary microcirculation: Temperature effects and role of the endothelium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of temperature on the local control of microvessel resistance in fish is poorly understood, plus the influence of prostaglandins (PG) and nitric oxide (NO) on vascular smooth muscle in these taxa is controversial. Thus, we measured the dose‐dependent responses of isolated coronary microvessels (< 150μm diameter) from 10, 5 and 1°C acclimated trout to several vasoactive compounds. While vessel sensitivity to most compounds was reduced at 1°C, cold exposure altered the response of vessels to low acetylcholine concentrations and increased the sensitivity of vessels to endothelin‐1. We also found that the dosedependent dilation caused by the endothelium dependent Ca 2+ ionophore A23187 was abolished by indomethacin (Indo) and L‐NIO, cyclooxygenase and NO synthase inhibitors, respectively. This suggests a possible role for both PG and NO pathways in endothelial derived regulation of vascular resistance in this tissue. Finally, interleukin (IL)‐1β is linked with hypotension and cardiovascular collapse in mammals during heatstroke, and may have similar effects in fish. Isolated trout coronary vessels showed a dose‐dependent dilation to recombinant (r) IL‐1β that was not affected by an acute increase in temperature of 10 to 20°C. Moreover, the effect of rIL‐1β appears to be endothelium dependent and involve a PG pathway (vessel denudation and Indo both inhibited the rIL‐1β effect). Funding by NSERC & FCT.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".