Isoleucine requirement for pregnancy in adult sows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pregnant adult sows show little maternal growth so that accelerated conceptus growth in the 3 rd trimester can cause large differences in nutrient requirements between early (EG) and late (LG) gestation. The objective of this study was to determine the Ile requirement in EG (d 37 to 61) and LG (d 89 to 109) using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method. Seven 4 th parity sows received 6 diets each based on corn, corn starch and sugar in both EG and LG at a constant intake of 2.5 kg/d. Diets in EG contained Ile at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 % of the current Ile requirement and 60, 80, 100, 140, 160 and 180% in LG. Sows were fed 2 mg/(kg BW•h) of L[1‐ 13 C]Phe over 4 h in 8 ½‐hourly meals. Requirements were determined as breakpoints in IAAO using 2‐phase nonlinear models. Sows, 232.0 ±4.9 kg at breeding, gained 19.1 ±4.4 kg in gestation and had litters of 17.7 ±0.75 piglets weighing 22.6 ±0.87 kg. The Ile requirement was greater in LG than EG (P = 0.001) at 3.6 g/d vs. 9.7 g/d. The increase (P = 0.001) in Phe retention (−0.48 ±0.55 g/d in EG vs. 3.34 ±0.55 g/d in LG) was caused by accelerated fetal growth. Energy and lipid retention decreased (P < 0.003) from EG to LG and were negative in LG. This indicates that Ile requirements were driven mainly by maintenance in EG and by fetal growth in LG. Both Ile and energy intake must be increased in LG but the greater change in Ile than energy requirement shows that amino acid supply is more critical in LG for adult sows.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".