Dietary cholesterol interacts with dietary fats by stimulating hepatic lipids accumulation in Ovx rats: possible defect of VLDL assembly
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of dietary cholesterol level on liver lipids in the estrogen deficiency status (Ovx). Sprague dawley rats ( n = 64) were assigned to one diet: standard (SD), high fat (HF), high fat/high cholesterol (HFHC (0.25%)) or HFHC (0.5%). Half of rats were Ovx or Sham‐operated (Sham) and sacrificed 6 weeks later. Liver triacyglecerol (TG) was not affected in HF fed rats but 2× increased ( P < 0.01) in both HFHC compared to SD fed rats. Liver TG was increased by Ovx (37–79%; P < 0.001). Liver total cholesterol (TC) was unchanged by HF but largely accumulated in both HFHC fed rats and reached respectively 260% and 350% ( P < 0.001) compared to SD values in Sham. Interestingly, these values were increased to 350 and 530% ( P < 0.001) in Ovx rats. Liver microsomal transfer protein (MTP) mRNA, a key protein in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly, was largely decreased in HFHC groups ( P < 0.001) and with Ovx ( P < 0.001). Moreover, apolipoproteinB (apoB), diacylglycerol acyl transferase 2 (DGAT2), acyl Co‐A: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2), involved in VLDL assembly, were decreased ( P < 0.001) with Ovx. Our data show a synergic effect of dietary cholesterol and fat on hepatic lipids and cholesterol accumulation and these responses being exacerbated by Ovx. Based on the present molecular biomarkers, hepatic steatosis induced by HFHC and Ovx might be both explained by reduced VLDL assembly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".