Inter‐individual oxygen delivery differences strongly influence estimated critical power in an all out exercise test
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if differences in O 2 delivery (O 2 D) between healthy subjects predicts performance in a critical power (CP) test. METHODS 10 healthy male subjects lay supine with the arm at heart level and completed 10 min of rhythmic maximal voluntary contractions (1 s contraction: 2 s relaxation duty cycle). CP was calculated as the average peak contraction force during the last 30 s of the trial where force plateaued. Forearm brachial artery blood flow (FBF) during exercise (echo and Doppler ultrasound) and O 2 D (FBF x arterial oxygen content ([haemoglobin] from venous blood sample and oxygen saturation from pulse oximetry)) were measured. RESULTS means ± SD. A wide range of O 2 D and CP was observed. O 2 D 101.5 ± 25.1 ml O 2 /min (range 70.92–154.1 ml O 2 /min) & CP 25.4 ± 6.0 kg (range 17.5–34.7 kg). O 2 D & FBF area under the curve (AUC, ml O 2 /forearm volume & ml/forearm volume) for the first 200 s of exercise were predictors of CP (r 2 = 0.47, 0.48 p ≤ 0.03). However, O 2 D & FBF total AUC during exercise was the strongest predictors rather than steady state levels achieved (r 2 = 0.63, 0.66 p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Considerable inter‐individual differences in oxygen delivery exist during an all out CP test. These differences account for much of the inter‐individual differences in CP, supporting the contention that vasodilatory responsiveness and capacity are important determinants of small muscle mass CP. NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".