Dietary flax oil during pregnancy and lactation retards disease progression in offspring with inherited kidney disease: evidence for positive fetal programming
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dietary flax oil (FO) retards disease progression in growing or adult animal models of kidney disease. The objective of the current study was to determine whether dietary FO during pregnancy and lactation could alter renal disease progression in offspring. Breeder Han‐SPRD‐ cy rats with inherited cystic kidney disease were given AIN‐93G diets with either 7% FO or corn oil (CO), throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring weaned at 3 wk of age were given either the same or the alternate diet. Immunohistochemical and morphometric analyses of kidney sections obtained from 10 wk old offspring revealed that renal cell proliferation and oxidative damage were lower when FO compared to CO was given in the maternal period. Dietary FO in the maternal period also resulted in lower renal cyst growth, glomerular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, but only when FO also was present in the post‐weaning diet. Along with improved histology, these rats exhibited less proteinuria and lower creatinine clearance rates when dietary FO was given in the maternal period. These renoprotective effects are similar to the beneficial effects of reducing dietary protein in adult renal disease. The potential for dietary FO during pregnancy and lactation to positively program adult renal disease has significant implications for the 1 in 1000 individuals who have congenital cystic kidney disease. (Supported by funding from the Manitoba Institute of Child Health and the NSERC)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".