Neuropeptide Y Y5‐receptor activation stimulates proliferation in the 4T1 breast cancer cell line
Bibliographic record
Abstract
NPY receptor expression has been reported in several breast cancer cell lines, however limited studies have examined the functional impact of NPY receptor activation on breast cancer progression. Our group has reported the expression of Y1R, Y2R and Y5R in the 4T1 murine breast cancer cell line, with NPY availability being positively correlated with tumor growth. In the current study we examined the effect of NPY treatment on 4T1 breast cancer cell proliferation. A concentration-dependent increase in proliferation was observed in cells treated with NPY (10−11Mto 10−6M) for 24-hr (MTS-based assay, r2=0.94, ECmax=10−8M). Similarly, Y2R/Y5R agonist (PYY3-36) treatment stimulated concentration-dependent increases in proliferation (r2=0.97, ECmax=10−7M) as did Y5R specific agonist (cPP1-7, NPY19-23, Ala31, Aib32, Gln34-hPP) treatment (r2=0.97, ECmax=10−8M). Using NPY receptor antagonists (Y1R:BIBP3226, Y2R:BIIE0246, Y5R:L152,806) we observed that NPY-induced increases in proliferation were completely Y5R mediated, acting through the MAPK pathway and stimulating pERK1/2 (Western Blot, P<0.05). In support, the pERK1/2 response was completely abolished with concurrent treatment of NPY and Y5R antagonist (P<0.05). These findings provide evidence of a pathological implication of Y5R in breast cancer. NSERC & CBCF.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".