Distribution of cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms in the developing ovine kidney
Bibliographic record
Abstract
COX is a rate limiting enzyme in the generation of prostaglandins. COX‐1, the predominant isoform, regulates physiological processes, whereas COX‐2 is typically low and upregulated during inflammation. In the adult kidney, both isoforms are present and localized to various structures implicating their roles in regulating renal haemodynamics and function. When administered during pregnancy or after birth, however, COX inhibitors can decrease renal perfusion and ultrafiltration potentially leading to acute kidney injury in the newborn period. To date, which COX isoform plays a more important role during kidney development is not known. In this study, we assessed the intrarenal distribution of COX‐1 and COX‐2 mRNA and protein expression in the developing ovine kidney, by examining cortical and medullary kidney tissue from lambs aged one day, one‐, three‐, six‐, and twelve weeks (N=3 for each age group). In all age groups, both isoforms were expressed at the level of mRNA and protein. Abundance of COX‐1 mRNA varied between cortex and medulla with an increased expression in the medulla at six and twelve weeks. COX‐2 mRNA was increased in the cortex at day one and week one and in the medulla at three and twelve weeks. Both COX‐1 and COX‐2 protein were greater in medulla than cortex and showed increased expression with postnatal age. These data support a role for both COX isoforms in the developing kidney.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".