Can Six‐Weeks of Whole‐Body Resistance Training Improve Endothelial Function in Older Adults?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training improves peripheral vascular function in older adults. However, it is unclear whether resistance training (RT) has similar benefits on vascular health in this population. Additionally, there is a paucity of research evaluating the influence of RT on vascular function in lower‐limb arteries, which are more susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to determine if RT improves upper‐ and/or lower‐limb vascular endothelial function in older adults. We assessed vascular function in 8 older adults (2♂, 66±8 years, BMI, 26.3±3.6 kg/m 2 ) before and after six‐weeks of whole‐body RT. The supervised RT program was conducted 3 days/week and consisted of 8 exercises working all major muscle groups for 2 sets of 10 repetitions. Vascular endothelial function was assessed using high‐resolution duplex ultrasonography via the flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) technique in both the brachial (BA) and popliteal arteries (PA). Nitroglycerin‐mediated dilation (NMD, 0.4 mg sublingual spray) was assessed in the PA as a measure of endothelial‐independent function. Muscular fitness was assessed via maximal grip strength and the 30‐second sit to stand test. Following the RT program, BA‐FMD increased (p=0.04) from 4.6±1.3% to 6.6±2.2% without a corresponding change (p>0.05) in PA‐FMD (2.2±1.7% to 2.8±1.8%). However, there was a large effect size determined for PA‐FMD (d=2.1) and the overall absolute PA‐FMD increased by 26% (0.156±0.140 mm to 0.204±0.150 mm; p>0.05). No differences were observed in resting BA and PA diameters, nor in PA‐NMD (all p>0.05). Following RT, no BMI or muscular fitness changes were observed (p>0.05). Short‐term whole‐body RT induces favorable outcomes in upper limb vascular function in older adults, without parallel improvements in the lower‐limb. This latter finding suggests that a longer RT intervention may be required to augment lower‐limb vascular health in older adults. Independent of changes in BMI or muscular strength, RT appears be an effective intervention for combating age‐associated declines in upper limb endothelial function, which in turn, may decrease their risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Support or Funding Information Support provided by: Canadian Foundation for Innovation: Leaders Opportunity Fund, Faculty of Health Professions Research Development, and Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation Development/Innovation grants. SAR and MWO were recipients of a Nova Scotia Graduate Scholarship. MWO was awarded a Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation Scotia Scholar Award and a Heart & Stroke BrightRed Award. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".