Plasma fatty acids, human milk fortification and lipid oxidation in premature infants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Human milk fortifiers (HMF) are routinely added to mother's milk (HM) for the premature infant. We reported data on 65 premature infants (birth weight < 1500 g) who were either fed HM with varying levels of HMF or formula (F) while they were in hospital receiving oral feeds. A significant increase (P<0.05) in urine_F2‐isoprostanes was found as HMF supplementation increased (Pediatr Res. 2011 Feb; 69(2): 160–4). Isoprostanes are prostaglandin‐like compounds formed in vivo from the free radical‐catalyzed peroxidation of essential fatty acids primarily arachidonic acid (AA C20:4n6). Linoleic acid (LA 18:2n6) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid used in the biosynthesis of AA. LA in HM ranges from 7 to 24 % of total fatty acids. LA in HMF is 140 mg per packet. We hypothesized that premature infants who had higher (n=7, providing total samples 20) F2 isoprostanes in urine would have more LA in their plasma from BM + HMF than those who were lower (n=10, providing total samples 31). Plasma samples from infants at bi‐weekly visits were analyzed for total fatty acids by standard assay using GS‐FID and heptadecanoic acid as the internal marker. Results (%w/w) were: High; LA 21.3 + 1.6 vs low 23.8 + 0.8, P < 0.05) and AA: High; 6.5 + 0.3 vs Low 6.8 + 0.4 NS). The hypothesis is not supported and suggests that other reasons exist for elevated isoprostanes in premature infants fed HMF than plasma lipid levels. Supported by CIHR and MICH
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".