Cell cycle‐dependent binding of replication and transcription proteins to the human DBF4 ori
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have previously identified an origin of DNA replication (ori) at the transcriptional promoter of the human DBF4 gene. Using a novel replication initiation point (RIP) mapping procedure, we have shown that replication from the DBF4 ori initiates from multiple potential start‐sites which are distributed within two zones separated by ~400‐bp on the complementary DNA strands. Initiation from the two replication zones occurs sequentially, which we termed asymmetric bidirectional replication (ABR). Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays we have studied protein‐DNA interactions at the DBF4 ori during cell cycle progression. Our data show that the origin recognition complex (ORC) binds to both replication zones simultaneously during late G1. However, during the G1/S transition and following S‐phase entry, ORC is sequentially released from its binding sites, mirroring the ABR pattern. ChIP data also suggests that binding of the Sp1 transcription factor and replication proteins to the DBF4 locus is mutually exclusive. This data is consistent with the idea that transcription and replication are inversely correlated at the DBF4 locus. Overall, this study provides new insight into how DNA replication and transcriptional activities are regulated in a concerted manner at ori/promoters in mammalian cells. This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research to H.L.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".