Formate metabolism in the folate‐deficient rat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Formate may arise from amino acid metabolism (serine, glycine, histidine, tryptophan, and methionine), from demethylation reactions, and methanol catabolism. Plasma [formate] is approximately 50 μM in rats. We have shown that plasma and urinary formate are increased up to 6‐fold in either folate‐deficient or Vitamin B12‐deficient rats, and may be a useful marker for remethylation defects. We therefore determined formate production rates in folate‐deficient and control rats. Rats were fed a folate‐deficient diet for 18 days; controls received a folate‐replete diet. Formate appearance was determined by means of a constant infusion of NaH13CO2. Plateau isotopic enrichment in formate was determined via GC‐MS. The rate of formate production in folate‐deficient rats was 43±4 umol/hr/100g compared to 76±16 umol/hr/100g for control rats (P<0.001). This decreased rate of formate production in the face of elevated [formate] implies an appreciable impairment in formate removal. In control rats, formate production amounted to 40% of the total potential one‐carbon groups generated from the diet. We conclude that formate production is a major, though unrecognized, motif in amino acid catabolism. Grant Funding Source : Canadian Institutes for Health Research and Memorial University of Newfoundland
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".