Cloning and Expression Analysis of a Salt-Stress-Induced HD-Zip Transcription Factor <i>HB-12</i> from Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
HB transcription factor genes play a significant role in plant growth and development, including response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, an HD-Zip transcription factor HB-12 was cloned from sunflower using SMARTer RACE technology based on Unigene551_All known sequence. The full-length HB-12 cDNA sequence is 821 bp, including 573 bp open reading frame and encoding 190 amino acids. The predicted protein molecular weight and isoelectric point are 22.55 kD and 5.58, respectively, with a homeobox domain (HD) and a homeobox-associated leucine zipper domain (HALZ). HB-12 belongs to the sunflower HD-Zip I subfamily proteins. The GenBank sequence accession number is KU315052. HB-12 protein does not exist in the transmembrane domain, and its subcellular localization predicted that it might be in the nucleus. Cluster analysis revealed that the sunflower HB-12 is closely related to the HB-12 of potato and tomato crops. Genomic DNA sequence corresponding to the full-length cDNA of HB-12 was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The full length of the coding region is 652 bp, and two exons are separated by one intron. The sequence has been submitted to GenBank (Accession No. KU315053). Real-time PCR analysis showed that HB-12 expression was induced by salt, abscisic acid (ABA), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and varied in different organs, such as roots, hypocotyls, and leaves. This study lays a foundation for research in molecular breeding of sunflower.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".