Equitable Timing of HIV Diagnosis Prior to Pregnancy: A Canadian Perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Initiating antiretrovirals prior to conception leads to a negligible risk of perinatal transmission. This study aimed to determine the timing of HIV diagnosis among pregnant women with HIV in Ontario. A retrospective population-level cohort study using linked health administrative databases was conducted to establish maternal HIV status and timing of HIV diagnosis of all women living with HIV who gave birth in 2006-2018. The majority of the 1012 women living with HIV who gave birth in Ontario were diagnosed prior to pregnancy (87.9%); however, many were not (12.1%). Among those diagnosed during pregnancy, only 23% were diagnosed in the first trimester. While HIV screening tests are being well directed towards young women, several women still enter pregnancy undiagnosed and are not diagnosed early. This calls for a continuous effort to promote universal pre-conception screening and to use HIV point-of-care testing for at-risk pregnant women and those presenting late to prenatal care.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".