Experiment-based determination of the excitation function for the production of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Ti</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>44</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math> in proton-irradiated vanadium samples
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the excitation function utilizing the nuclear reaction $^{\mathrm{nat}}\mathrm{V}(p,X)$ $^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ was determined. The seven investigated metallic vanadium disks were proton irradiated within an energy range of 111--954 MeV between 1995 to 1996. The experiments' cross sections were validated using two independent measurements by combining $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ spectrometry with both a low-energy germanium detector and a high-purity germanium detector. The maximum cross section was observed for energies of 145 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 1.2 and 150.2 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 1.2 MeV with values of 803 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 28 and 805 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 27 $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{b}$, respectively. In this regard, it was demonstrated that our data were in good agreement with the former, however, unpublished results which were investigated over a similar energy range. Thus, combined with these earlier measurements, a consistent data set for the $^{\mathrm{nat}}\mathrm{V}(p,X)$ $^{44}\mathrm{Ti}$ excitation function from 111 to 1350 MeV is provided. Model calculations using Li\`ege Intranuclear Cascade (INCL)/ABLA reproduce the shape of the excitation function correctly but overpredict the absolute values by factors of 2 to 3. Some considerations regarding this already earlier observed systematic overestimation of neutron-poor residues are given. The results will trigger new approaches in code development in order to improve the predictions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".