Properties of mine tailings for static liquefaction assessment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Static liquefaction has been associated with numerous recent failures of tailings storage facilities (TSFs) around the world (e.g., the 2019 Brumadinho failure). These failures lead to devastating consequences for the environment and civil infrastructure as well as the loss of human lives. In this study, we present trends for the mechanical response of mine tailings considering (i) triaxial tests, (ii) bender element tests, and (iii) consolidation tests on 53 mine tailings materials (including recent case histories). These materials have a broad range of states, particle size distributions, and compressibility. The trends are evaluated in the context of static liquefaction using critical state soil mechanics concepts, focusing on the variation of the shear strength (residual and peak), state and brittleness soil indexes, excess pore pressure indexes, instability stress ratios, and dilatancy. In particular, we highlight that mine tailings’ mechanical properties reflect both the properties of the particles themselves and the relative proportions of different particle sizes. For instance, the observed trends suggest that particle gradation influences the small strain stiffness and dilatancy; the proportion of voids to the size of fine particles influences strength, and particle shape affects dilatancy. Finally, we propose static liquefaction screening indexes based on the observed trends.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".