Study of the efficacy and safety of nano curcumin as an adjuvant to antipsychotics in male patients with chronic schizophrenia with residual symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose/Background: It is well documented that one of the pathophysiological mechanisms of negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia is hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. It seems that curcumin has beneficial effects on these pathways. This double -blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of curcumin as an adjuvant agent on psychotic symptoms especially negative symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Methods: Fifty-six inpatients with stable chronic schizophrenia and predominant negative symptoms were randomized in a 1: 1 ratio to nanocurcumin soft gel capsule (160 mg/day) and control groups, along with their antipsychotic regimen for 16 weeks. The efficacy of treatment was assessed by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Assessment of Cognitive in Schizophrenia (BACS), Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) and Clinical Global Impressions- Improvement (CGI-I) scales. Extrapyramidal symptoms were evaluated by Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS) and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS). Patients were assessed at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 after the medication started. Results: No significant differences were observed in demographic or clinical variables between both groups at baseline. The nanocurcumin group showed significantly greater improvement on the negative subscale (p= 0.05), the general psychopathology subscale (p< 0.001), the positive subscale (p= 0.004), total PANSS (p< 0.001), CGI-S (p< 0.001), and CGI-I scores (p< 0.001) in comparison to the control group at the endpoint. In the nanocurcumin group, there was a statistically significant improvement in working memory and Token Motor Task (Motor Speed) (p= 0.04, p= 0.03, respectively). The mean changes in semantic fluency and verbal fluency scores at the end of the study compared to the beginning of the study was significantly different between the two groups (p= 0.01, p= 0.02 respectively). Extrapyramidal symptom rating scales and CDSS and frequency of other adverse effects were comparable between two groups. Conclusions: The present study indicated that nanocurcumin can be considered as a safe and effective adjunctive treatment strategy for the treatment of negative symptoms and working memory, processing speed and verbal fluency of cognitive function of schizophrenia. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Nanocurcumin, psychotic symptoms, cognitive symptoms
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Randomized trial | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Randomized trial | medium |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedLabeled directly by 2 models reading the full record.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".