Incremental peritoneal dialysis in incident end-stage kidney disease patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This retrospective cohort study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of the end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients treated with incremental peritoneal dialysis (PD) at a large academic centre. METHODS: ESKD patients initiating PD with a dialysate volume ≤6 L/day were analysed. RESULTS: . The unadjusted 1- to 5-year patient survival rate was 89.6%, 80.4%, 65.4%, 62.7% and 48.8%, respectively, and the corresponding time on PD therapy rate was 95.1%, 89.1%, 89.1%, 82.4% and 77.6%. Greater initial PD dose (hazard ratio = 1.608, 95% confidence interval 1.089-2.375) was associated with death after adjusting for age, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), haemodialysis prior to PD, assisted PD and baseline RKF, likely as a result of residual confounding. There was no association with PD discontinuation. The average peritonitis rate and hospitalisation rate were 0.122 and 0.645 episodes per patient-year, respectively. The dialysate volume increased from 4.5 (4.3-5.7) L/day to 8.0 (6.0-9.8) L/day at 5 years. Fifty-seven (32.6%) patients graduated to full-dose PD at a median time of 10.3 (6.2, 15.7) months. Male sex, greater body mass index and lower baseline serum albumin were risk factors for increasing PD dose to over 6 L/day within 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Incremental PD is a safe approach to initiate dialysis, and it offers satisfactory outcomes. Close monitoring, comprehensive evaluation of clinical responses and prompt adjustment of the prescription as needed play a crucial role in this patient-centred treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".