Free‐range system and supplementation of 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol increases the performance and serum vitamin levels in mixed‐parity sows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Improvements in sow productivity have raised questions regarding dietary vitamin D recommendations. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the housing system with access to sunlight exposure and supplementation of 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol on performance and serum levels of 25(OH)D 3 in sows during gestation and lactation. Sows were distributed in an experimental design with two housing systems: gestation crates or gestation free‐range system with external area for sunlight exposure; and two diets: 0 or 50 μg of 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol kg −1 . The use of 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol tended ( P = 0.052) to improve total born and influenced ( P = 0.046) on number of born alive. Litter weight at birth was also increased ( P = 0.01) by 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation; 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation and housing system (free‐range with sunlight exposure) tended to increase weaning weight ( P = 0.07) and litter daily gain ( P = 0.051) during lactation. Exposure to sunlight and 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation increased 25(OH)D 3 serum levels when compared with control treatment during gestation (136.95 vs. 113.92 ng mL −1 ; P = 0.035) and lactation (120.29 vs. 88.93 ng mL −1 ; P = 0.026). In conclusion, the association of 25‐hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation with exposure to sunlight during gestation improved significantly 25(OH)D 3 serum levels and consequently performance traits in gestation and lactation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".