Numerical modeling of lateral landfill gas migration.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The decomposition of the organic content of disposed waste results in production of heat and landfill gas, composed mainly of methane and carbon dioxide. The developed pressure, concentration and temperature gradients lead to gas emissions to the atmosphere and to lateral migration through surrounding soils. Environmental and safety issues associated with landfill gas require control of the off-site gas migration. The numerical model TOUGH2-LGM was used to simulate the landfill gas migration through unsaturated sands adjacent to the St-Etienne-des-Grès landfill site in Quebec, Canada, and to assist the design of the off-site gas control system in compliance with regulatory requirements. The model simulates the migration of four fluid components (water, nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide) and one energy component (heat) in partially saturated media. Two examples are simulated: free lateral gas migration, and lateral gas migration towards a horizontal extraction well. Results show that a vacuum of 0.5 kPa in the horizontal well installed 10m from the landfill at 3 m depth is sufficient to limit further lateral migration of methane. The results also show the different flow patterns for methane and atmospheric air, and demonstrate the advantages of the multicomponent representation of the gas phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".