Randomized clinical field trial on the effects of butaphosphancyanocobalamin and propylene glycol on ketosis resolution and milk production in dairy cows
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ketosis, generally measured as increased concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) in the blood, is common in dairy cattle and caused by a period of negative energy balance that is nearly ubiquitous at the beginning of lactation. The consequences of ketosis include increased risk of other diseases and decreased production and reproductive performance. Propylene glycol (PG) has been recommended for treatment of ketosis because of its role in gluconeogenesis, and has recently been shown to be effective for the treatment of subclinical ketosis in a large-scale clinical field trial. It has been hypothesized that administration of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) may increase gluconeogenesis by increasing the activity of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, a vitamin B12-dependent enzyme and important component of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Results of a recent study conducted on 1 herd suggested that a combination of butaphosphan-cyanocobalamin (B+C; Catosal®, Bayer Animal Health) was efficacious for the treatment of cows with ketosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of B+C and the duration of PG treatment (3 vs 5 days) on ketosis resolution and early lactation milk yield in dairy cows.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".