Opposing aftereffects are still measurable after a one-week delay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction. Visual adaptation occurs after a sustained exposure to a visual stimulus. Aftereffects form after fixating a variety of visual stimuli, and the duration of the aftereffect varies depending on the visual stimulus (Burton et al., 2016; Leopold et al., 2005; Rhodes et al., 2007; Kloth & Rhodes, 2016; Kloth, & Schweinberger, 2008). The current study tests opposing aftereffects for Christian and Muslim faces 7 days after adaptation. Methods. Thirty-four participants underwent an opposing after effect paradigm. First, participants viewed 48 face pairs, one compressed by 10% and one expanded by 10%, and on each trial selected which face looked more attractive. Next, participants were adapted to Muslim and Christian faces altered by 60%. After adaptation, participants again viewed and selected from the original 48 face pairs. Participants returned 7 days later and viewed and selected from the same 48 face pairs to determine if aftereffects were still measurable. Next, participants were re-adapted to Christian and Muslim faces distorted in the opposite direction and tested to see whether aftereffects could be reversed. Results. Using a mean change score for contracted faces selected from baseline as the dependent variable, there was a significant interaction between adaptation condition and religious face type (F(1, 32)=6.18, p=0.018) 7 days after adaptation. Examining adaptation conditions separately, opposing aftereffects were observed for those who adapted to Christian contracted and Muslim expanded faces, 7 days after adaptation (t(17)=2.98, p= 0.009). Opposing aftereffects could not be reversed by exposure to faces distorted in the opposite direction after 7 days, as no significant interaction between adaptation condition and religious face type was observed (F(1, 32)=2.018, p=0.165). Discussion. Results revealed evidence of opposing aftereffects adaptation persisting for 7 days. Furthermore, the aftereffect could not be reversed 7 days after adaptation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".