An investigation on fracture toughness of the heat‐affected zone in the welded joints of 13% Cr‐4% Ni martensitic stainless steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Fracture behavior of the welded joints of 13% Cr‐4% Ni stainless steels deposited using multipass flux‐cored arc welding process was examined in both as‐welded and heat‐treated conditions, and J Ic tests were performed. A crack starter notch was placed one millimeter far from the fusion line to evaluate the heat‐affected zone (HAZ). Unstable crack propagations toward the weld metal occurred during stable tearing for both as‐welded and heat‐treated HAZ. Only single‐point fracture toughness J u values could be determined before fracture instability. The fracture toughness of the as‐welded HAZ was about 60% lower than that of the substrate steel but get significantly improved by heat‐treatment, reaching a value even slightly higher than that of the substrate steel. The fracture mode of the stable tearing was transformed from a mix of cleavage and dimpled rupture occurring by micro‐void coalescence mechanism for the as‐welded condition to a totally dimpled rupture in the case of the heat‐treated material.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".