Effectiveness and safety of fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency treatment combined with ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment for hypertrophic scar: a retrospective study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scars can be caused by various injuries and lead to a decrease in quality of life of those affected. This study was performed retrospectively in our center to investigate the safety and effectiveness of fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency treatment combined with ablative fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatment in patients with hypertrophic scar. METHODS: This was a retrospective study performed in a single center between January 2019 and December 2020. All patients with hypertrophic scars receiving fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency treatment, ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment, or combined therapy of both were recruited to the study. The participants were then divided into a single therapy group or combined therapy group. The Vancouver scar scale was used to score and subsequently assess the effectiveness of scar treatment and the changes of scar thickness. Some adverse complications were also recorded to evaluate the safety of treatments. A subgroup analysis was then performed to investigate the differences of effectiveness and safety of combined therapy in scar patients at the early stage and late stage. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients with hypertrophic scars were enrolled in this study, including 45 receiving combined treatment, and 19 receiving single treatment. There was no significant difference in demographic data between the two groups. Notably, combined therapy could more effectively reduce the score of Vancouver scar scale (P=0.026) without significantly increasing the incidence of adverse complications. However, no significant difference was observed in scar thickness between the two groups. Moreover, multiple treatments could further increase the effectiveness of combined therapy according to either the score of Vancouver scar scale or the thickness of scars. Subgroup analysis revealed that combined therapy could reduce the score of Vancouver scar scale and scar thickness in patients much more at the early stage than at the late stage (P=0.032 and 0.042, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency treatment combined with ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment could be more effective in improving hypertrophic scars then single therapy. Also, multiple treatments could enhance the effectiveness of combined treatment, and patients should be encouraged to receive treatment as early as possible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".