Impacts moléculaires des nanoplastiques combinés à l’arsenic, effets comparés entre des huîtres caribéennes (Isognomon alatus) et canadiennes (Crassostrea virginica) exposées par voie trophique.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Compte tenu de la contamination majeure de notre environnement en plastiques, la présence des nanoplastiques (NP) inquiète. Les NP étant capables de traverser les barrières biologiques ils représentent un risque pour les organismes aquatiques. Toutefois leur toxicité est peu connue, notamment en présence d’autres contaminants. En effet, les NP peuvent adsorber des métaux et augmenter leur biodisponibilité pour des organismes filtreurs comme les bivalves. J’ai donc exposé des huîtres caribéennes (Isognomon alatus) et canadiennes (Crassostrea virginica) par voie trophique à des concentrations environnementales de NP (10 et 100 µg L⁻¹). Trois types de NP ont été utilisés pour comparer leur toxicité, seuls ou combinés à l’arsenic présent dans l’eau (1 mg L⁻¹). Les interactions des NP sur la bioaccumulation de l’arsenic ont été évaluées, ainsi que l’expression des gènes dans les branchies et masses viscérales des deux espèces. Nos résultats montrent que les traitements de NP combinés à l’arsenic ont déclenché des effets protecteurs sur le niveau d’expression des gènes chez I. alatus et des effets synergiques chez C. virginica. Cette étude environnementalement pertinente met en avant l’écotoxicité des NP en comparant leurs impacts sur une espèce d’huîtres sauvages et d’élevages. Considering plastics are major contaminations in our environment, the presence of nanoplastics (NPs) raises concern. NPs pose a risk to aquatic organisms as they could cross biological barriers. However little is known about NPs toxicity, particularly in the presence of other contaminants. Indeed, NPs can adsorb metallic contaminants and increase their bioavailability to filter-feeding organisms, such as bivalves. I therefore exposed Caribbean oysters (Isognomon alatus) and Canadian oysters (Crassostrea virginica) by trophic way to NPs at environmental concentrations (10 and 100 µg L⁻¹). Three types of NPs were used to compare their toxicity, alone or in combination with arsenic in the water (1 mg L⁻¹). Interactions of NPs on arsenic bioaccumulation were studied, along with the expression of genes in gills and visceral mass of both species. Our results show that NP treatments combined with arsenic triggered protective effects on gene expression levels in I. alatus and synergetic effects in C. virginica. This is an environmentally relevant study that showcases ecotoxicity of NPs by comparing their impacts on wild and cultured oyster species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".