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Record W3200586355 · doi:10.1097/cxa.0000000000000124

Effects of Cannabis Use on Psychotic and Mood Symptoms: A Systematic Review

2021· review· en· W3200586355 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Addiction · 2021
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicCannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Canadian institutionsUniversity of TorontoCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCannabisCannabidiolPsychiatryManiaEffects of cannabisMedicineBipolar disorderHypomaniaMoodCannabis DependencePsychosisSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Depression (economics)Psychology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

ABSTRACT Background: The association between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders has been extensively investigated, but the effect of cannabis use on the induction and persistence of psychiatric symptoms in healthy individuals is less clear. We determines whether cannabis contributes to the induction and persistence of psychotic, depressive, or (hypo)manic symptoms in healthy individuals. We identified populations that are most susceptible to these effects, in addition to cannabis use behaviors that increase the risk of developing cannabis-related psychiatric symptoms. Method: A systematic review was performed using the PubMed, Medline, and PsychInfo databases. We conducted our search using the following terms: (“cannabis” OR “tetrahydrocannabinol” OR “cannabidiol” OR “marijuana” OR “cannabinoid” OR “nabilone” OR “dronabinol” OR “nabiximols”) AND (“psycho∗” OR “mood disorder” OR “depress∗” OR “mania” OR “manic” OR “hypomania”). Experimental and observational studies published from January, 1987 to March, 2021 were considered in our analysis. Results: We assessed evidence from 47 studies, including 6 experimental studies, 28 cohort studies, and 13 cross-sectional studies. Adverse effects of cannabis or cannabinoids were found in 30/32 (93.8%) of studies reporting psychotic symptoms, 13/18 studies (72.2%) reporting depressive symptoms, and 4/4 studies (100%) reporting (hypo)manic symptoms. Cannabis use robustly increased the risk of developing psychotic and (hypo)manic symptoms, but the effects of cannabis use on depression were mixed. Risk of developing symptoms was influenced by the age of onset, tetrahydrocannabinol potency, and frequency of cannabis use. Conclusions: Cannabis use increases the risk of developing and maintaining psychotic and (hypo)manic symptoms, with mixed effects for depressive symptoms, in healthy individuals. These effects occur in a dose-dependent manner and are dependent upon THC potency. More research is necessary to understand the effects of cannabis, particularly on the induction and persistence of depressive and (hypo)manic symptoms. Contexte: L’association entre la consommation de cannabis et les troubles psychiatriques a été largement étudiée, mais l’effet de la consommation de cannabis sur l’induction et la persistance des symptômes psychiatriques chez les individus en bonne santé est moins clair. Nous avons déterminé si le cannabis contribue à l’induction et à la persistance de symptômes psychotiques, dépressifs ou (hypo)maniaques chez des individus en bonne santé. Nous avons identifié les populations les plus sensibles à ces effets, en plus des comportements de consommation de cannabis qui augmentent le risque de développer des symptômes psychiatriques liés au cannabis. Méthode: Un examen systématique a été réalisé à l’aide des bases de données PubMed, Medline et PsychInfo. Nous avons effectué notre recherche en utilisant les termes suivants: (“cannabis” OU “tétrahydrocannabinol” OU “cannabidiol” OU “marijuana” OU “cannabinoïde” OU “nabilone” OU “dronabinol” OU “nabiximols”) ET (“psycho∗” OU “trouble de l’humeur » OU « déprimé∗ » OU « manie » OU « maniaque » OU « hypomanie »).” Les études expérimentales et observationnelles publiées de janvier 1987 à mars 2021 ont été prises en compte dans notre analyse. Résultats: Nous avons évalué les résultats de 47 études, dont 6 études expérimentales, 28 études de cohorte et 13 études transversales. Des effets indésirables du cannabis ou des cannabinoïdes ont été trouvés dans 30/32 (93,8%) des études rapportant des symptômes psychotiques, 13/18 études (72,2%) rapportant des symptômes dépressifs et 4/4 études (100%) rapportant des symptômes (hypo)maniaques. La consommation de cannabis augmentait fortement le risque de développer des symptômes psychotiques et (hypo)maniaques, mais les effets de la consommation de cannabis sur la dépression étaient mitigés. Le risque de développer des symptômes était influencé par l’âge d’apparition, la puissance du tétrahydrocannabinol (THC) et la fréquence de consommation de cannabis. Conclusions: La consommation de cannabis augmente le risque de développer et de maintenir des symptômes psychotiques et (hypo)maniaques, avec des effets mitigés pour les symptômes dépressifs, chez les individus en bonne santé. Ces effets se produisent de manière proportionnelle à la dose et dépendent de la puissance du THC. Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre ces effets du cannabis, en particulier sur l’induction et la persistance des symptômes dépressifs et (hypo)maniaques.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Systematic review · Consensus signal: Systematic review
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.255
Threshold uncertainty score0.767

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0030.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.314
Teacher spread0.290 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it