cAMP triggers Na+ absorption by distal airway surface epithelium in cystic fibrosis swine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A controversial hypothesis pertaining to cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is that the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel fails to inhibit the epithelial Na + channel (ENaC), yielding increased Na + reabsorption and airway dehydration. We use a non-invasive self-referencing Na + -selective microelectrode technique to measure Na + transport across individual folds of distal airway surface epithelium preparations from CFTR −/− (CF) and wild-type (WT) swine. We show that, under unstimulated control conditions, WT and CF epithelia exhibit similar, low rates of Na + transport that are unaffected by the ENaC blocker amiloride. However, in the presence of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-elevating agents forskolin+IBMX (isobutylmethylxanthine), folds of WT tissues secrete large amounts of Na + , while CFTR −/− tissues absorb small, but potentially important, amounts of Na + . In cAMP-stimulated conditions, amiloride inhibits Na + absorption in CFTR −/− tissues but does not affect secretion in WT tissues. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that ENaC-mediated Na + absorption may contribute to dehydration of CF distal airways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".