Critical-State Shear Strength and Pore Pressure of Granular Materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The plane-strain critical-state friction angle is an important soil parameter in the design of geotechnical projects. The static angle of repose, which is the same as the plane-strain critical-state friction angle for normally consolidated cohesionless soil, was measured in the laboratory in this investigation. The experimental results were used to validate the relationship between the static angle of repose and the interparticle sliding friction. This relationship accounts for the dilatancy developed in the plane-strain critical state and its corresponding pore pressure coefficient at constant volume. In order to develop this relationship, the law of conservation of energy and the limit-equilibrium analysis were employed in a bidimensional plane-strain micromechanical model for the granular media in the critical state. The framework described in this paper accounts for the evolution of shearing resistance with porosity and establishes theoretical porosity thresholds for the contractive, dilative, and collapsible behavior. The results produced by the theory developed herein compared well with the present experimental results and those available in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".