A Hydrogel Microneedle-assisted Assay Integrating Aptamer Probes and Fluorescence Detection for Reagentless Biomarker Quantification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Analyzing interstitial fluid (ISF) via microneedle (MN) devices enables patient health monitoring in a minimally invasive manner and at point-of-care settings. However, most MN-based diagnostic approaches require complicated fabrication processes or post-processing of the extracted ISF. Here we show in-situ and on-needle measurement of target analytes by integrating hydrogel microneedles (HMN) with aptamer probes as the target recognition elements. Fluorescently tagged aptamer probes are chemically attached to the hydrogel matrix while a crosslinked patch is formed. We use the assay for specific and sensitive quantification of glucose concentrations in an animal model of diabetes to track hypoglycemia, euglycemia, and hyperglycemia conditions. The assay can track the rising and falling concentrations of glucose and the extracted measurements closely match those from the gold standard techniques. The assay enables rapid and reagentless target detection and can be readily modified to measure other target analytes in vivo . Our system has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients who are in need of close monitoring of biomarkers of health and disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".