Business groups in the West : origins, evolution, and resilience
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Part I. Concepts and Arguments 1: Asli M. Colpan and Takashi Hikino: Introduction: Business Groups Re-examined 2: Asli M. Colpan And Takashi Hikino: The Evolutionary Dynamics of Diversified Business Groups in the West: History and Theory 3: Ben Ross Schneider, Asli M. Colpan and Weihuang Wong: Politics, Institutions, and Diversified Business Groups: Comparisons Across Developed Countries 4: James R. Lincoln and Matthew Sargent: Business Groups as Networks Part II: National Experiences of Business Groups Group 1. Historical Frontrunners in Europe 5: Geoffrey Jones: Britain: Global Legacy and Domestic Persistence 6: Marco Becht: Belgium: The Disappearance of Large Diversified Business Groups 7: Abe De Jong and Ferry De Goey: The Netherlands: The Overlooked Variety of Big Business 8: Harm Schroeter: Germany: An Engine of Modern Economic Growth 9: Youssef Cassis: France: A Complement to Multidivisional Enterprises Group 2. Catch-up Nations in Europe 11: Mats Larsson and Tom Petersson: Sweden: Tradition And Renewal 12: Andrea Colli and Michelangelo Vasta: Italy: Enduring Logic and Pervasive Diffusion 12: Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra: Spain: Regulation and Ideology as Drivers for Transformation 13: Alvaro Ferreira Da Silva and Pedro Neves: Portugal: Changing Environment and Flexible Adaptation Group 3. Western Offshoots 14: Takashi Hikino and Marcelo Bucheli: The United States in Historical Perspectives: The Strange Career of Business Groups in Industrial Development 15: David Collis, Bharat Anand and J. Yo-Jud Cheng.: The United States in Contemporary Perspectives: Evolving Forms, Strategy and Performance 16: Simon Ville: Australia: From Family Networks to Boom and Bust Groups 17: Randall Morck and Gloria Tian: Canada: The Rise and Fall and Rise and Fall Again
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".