Risk factors for the development of degenerative changes among patients undergoing rotator cuff repair: A systematic review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the glenohumeral joint results in significant pain and functional limitations. It is unclear which risk factors increase the risk of developing glenohumeral OA amongst Rotator Cuff Repair (RCR) patients. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the risk factors which may contribute to the development of osteoarthritic changes post-operatively. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched to identify studies reporting on demographics of patients who develop OA following RCR. Results: Seventeen articles were identified investigating a total of 1292 patients. The overall quality of evidence was low. Pooled assessment of OA incidence following RCR at minimum 5 years follow-up found 26% of patients developed OA. Patients requiring revision surgery following retears developed OA at a rate of 29%. Surgical technique and patient demographics may also contribute to degenerative changes. Discussion: This review found correlations between the aforementioned risk factors and glenohumeral joint degeneration at long-term follow-up after RCR. These findings suggest that future long-term studies should aim to identify prognostic factors that may place a patient at increased risk of developing OA. Such data can be used to counsel patients with respect to long-term outcomes following surgical intervention.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".