Smallest scale of wrinkles of a Huygens front in extremely strong turbulence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
By analyzing the statistically stationary stage of propagation of a Huygens front in homogeneous, isotropic, constant-density turbulence, a length scale l_{0} is introduced to characterize the smallest wrinkles on the front surface in the case of a low constant speed u_{0} of the front when compared to the Kolmogorov velocity u_{K}. The length scale is derived following a hypothesis of dynamical similarity that highlights a balance between (i) creation of a front area due to advection and (ii) destruction of the front area due to propagation. Consequently, the front speed is compared with the magnitude of the fluid velocity difference in two points separated by a distance smaller than the Kolmogorov length scale. Appropriateness of the smallest wrinkle scale is demonstrated by applying a fractal approach to evaluating the mean area of the instantaneous front surface. Since the scales of the smallest and larger wrinkles belong to different subranges (dissipation and inertial, respectively) of the Kolmogorov turbulence spectrum, the front is hypothesized to be a bifractal characterized by two different fractal dimensions in the two subranges. Both fractal dimensions are evaluated adapting the aforementioned hypothesis of dynamical similarity. Such a bifractal model yields a linear relation between the mean fluid consumption velocity, which is equal to the front speed u_{0} multiplied with a ratio of the mean area of the instantaneous front surface to the transverse projected area, and the rms turbulent velocity u^{'} even if a ratio of u_{0}/u^{'} tends to zero.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".