Analytical Solution and Numerical Simulation of Steady Flow Around a Circular Heterogeneity With Anisotropic and Concentrically Varying Permeability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Accurately simulating flow to assess the environmental impact of backfilled mine open‐pit with hazardous waste is challenging. Excavation and blasting during mining operations often result in the creation of new fractures with preferential orientation, which leads to a variable and anisotropic permeability field around the excavation. Numerical simulations are often used to study such problems, but experimental data are scarce and analytical solutions for this configuration are not available in the literature, which make the code validation difficult and uncertain. Therefore, the present study aimed to address the numerical code validation by developing a new closed form head solution of a steady flow with a radially anisotropic and continuously varying permeability distribution around a heterogeneity. Numerical flow simulations using the finite volume code PFLOTRAN were then compared to the analytically calculated heads and flowrates on three cases of increasing complexity. Results showed a good agreement between analytical and simulated flowrates and heads, with a maximum absolute error not exceeding 3.5% on flowrates and 1.8% on heads. Errors were actually mainly caused by boundary effects and by the non‐respect of the K ‐orthogonality condition in the computational mesh. This study opens the way for accurate evaluation of the blast damage zone influence on groundwater flow in and around open pits backfilled with hazardous wastes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".