Pattern of spousal physical abuse and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Uyo, Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Spousal physical abuse among pregnant women continues to occur in our environment due to dysfunctional marital social relationships, against the backdrop of violation of the rights of affected women with possible untoward consequences on their pregnancy. Methods: Relevant information were obtained through structured self-administered questionnaire administered through simple random sampling technique to consenting women attending antenatal clinic in the centre studied. Results: The prevalence of spousal physical abuse among respondents was 10.2%, and 8.6% of the respondents reported spousal abuse in the index pregnancy. The mean age of respondents was 29.1years + 5.2 and most (88.9%) of the respondents who reported spousal abuse were married. Over half (51.1%) of the respondents who reported spousal abuse had attained tertiary level of education. Husbands of respondents with higher levels of education were more likely to abuse their spouses than those with lower levels of education; p< 0.001. The majority (31.2%) of the husbands who abuse their spouses were civil servants. Respondents’ husbands who performed unskilled/low-skilled jobs were significantly more likely to abuse their spouses than husbands who engaged in high-skilled jobs; p< 0.001 More than a quarter (26.7%) of the respondents who reported abuse were slapped by their husbands and spousal abuse was an occasional occurrence in more than half (53.4%) of the respondents. Conclusion: Spousal physical abuse is a continuing social problem in Uyo and men with higher levels of education and those with un-skilled/low-skilled jobs were significantly more likely to physically abuse their wives in the study population. Keywords: Domestic violence, Pattern spousal violence, Violence in pregnancy, Spousal abuse, Physical abuse pregnancy, Nigeria
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".