P-361 Occupational exposure to engine exhaust and prostate cancer risk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Some engine exhaust components are carcinogenic or have hormone-disrupting properties. Objective To investigate the association between lifetime occupational exposure to various engine exhausts (EE) and prostate cancer risk. Methods In the context of a case-control study conducted in Montreal, Canada, 1,924 histologically-confirmed prostate cancer cases (436 aggressive) and 1,989 population controls were recruited. Complete occupational history, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were collected during in-person interviews. Industrial hygienists conducted semi-quantitative evaluations of intensity, frequency and reliability of exposure to leaded and unleaded gasoline EE, any diesel EE, heavy diesel EE, light diesel EE, jet fuel EE, and propane EE in each job held ≥2 years. Odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, ancestry and education, and 95% confidence intervals (CI), were estimated with unconditional logistic regression, modelling the association between each EE and prostate cancer risk. Results Ever exposure to leaded gasoline EE was associated with a slight increase in risk of overall prostate cancer (OR=1.13, 95%CI 0.98 to 1.31), after restricting to probable and definite exposures, and applying a 5-year lag. Although no formal statistical heterogeneity in risks appeared, the association was slightly stronger for non-aggressive cancers than aggressive ones. No dose-response relationships emerged for total duration or cumulative exposure. Men who had ever been exposed to jet fuel EE showed a decreased odds of the tumor (OR=0.34 95%CI 0.19 to 0.61). No association was found with exposure to any other EE. Mutual adjustments for other EE and sensitivity analyses restricting controls to men recently screened for prostate cancer yielded results consistent with the main findings. Conclusion We found limited evidence for a deleterious role of occupational exposure to leaded gasoline EE in the development of prostate cancer. This is the first study to examine the distinct role of leaded and unleaded gasoline EE in the etiology of this cancer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".