The Effect of Orally Administering Forkhead Box P3 Recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum on Regulatory T-cell Functionality in a Humanized Mouse Model for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Research Protocol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammation and joint stiffening are common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune inflammatory disease. Previous treatments of RA have focused on decreasing symptomatic effects but have limited effects on disease progression. In RA, an influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines occurs at the synovium, which is the soft tissue surrounding the joints. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is controlled by regulatory T-cells, which have a deficit in function in RA patients. Regulatory T-cell development and function is regulated by the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3). The FOXP3 gene is a viable therapeutic target to restore regulatory T-cell functionality because FOXP3 is underexpressed in RA patients. Therefore, this study ventures to treat RA regulatory T-cell functionality by increasing FOXP3 gene expression through FOXP3 recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum bactofection. We hypothesize that bactofection will lead to a decrease in RA progression by restoring normal function in regulatory T-cells, thus decreasing inflammation. Methods: We propose a study using severe combined immunodeficient mouse models engrafted with human RA synovium. The mice will be given either no treatment (control group) or a 2×109 CFU/g dose of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum strain. The mice will be sacrificed after 0 days, 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days (control group and treatment groups respectively). Synovial tissue samples will be obtained from the hip joints. Through immunofluorescence and western blotting, the prevalence of FOXP3, regulatory T-cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 will be compared between the control and treatment groups. For statistical analysis, a one-way MANOVA test, Levene’s test, and a Shapiro-Wilk test will be performed using GraphPad Prism. Results: As a result of bactofection, there will be an increase in FOXP3 and regulatory T-cells, resulting in a decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Discussion: Analysis of mice treated with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum compared to mice with no treatment will set a correlation between FOXP3, regulatory T-cells, and pro-inflammatory cytokines prevalence and RA progression after treatment. Conclusion: The findings of this study will provide evidence that bactofection is a viable treatment for RA, and may be more effective than conventional treatments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".